Against the Elements: Winter Risk Management for Utility Crews 

Winter conditions bring unique challenges to utility vegetation management and storm response operations. At Xylem, safety is not seasonal, but cold weather demands heightened awareness and preparation to ensure every crew member returns home safely. 

One serious risk in winter fieldwork is cold stress. During the coldest months, temperature, wind speed, precipitation, and exposure duration all affect the likelihood of illness or injury. Workplace leaders must identify cold weather hazards ahead of time and put clear plans in place to reduce risk across job sites. 

When cold exposure exceeds the body’s ability to maintain warmth, and core temperature begins to drop, serious health issues can develop. 

Understanding cold stress risks 

Hypothermia 

Hypothermia happens when your core body temperature falls to unsafe levels.  

Early symptoms may include: 

• Chills 
• Exhaustion 
• Confusion 
• Stiff muscles 
• Slurred speech 

Left untreated, hypothermia can become life-threatening. If hypothermia is suspected: 

• Call 911 immediately. 
• Remove any wet clothing. 
• Cover the employee with warm blankets. 
• Use a vehicle cabin or heated shelter to gradually warm the individual. 

Prompt action saves lives. 

Frostbite 

Frostbite damages skin and tissues beneath the surface when exposed to very cold temperatures.  

Symptoms include: 

• Cold or tingling skin 
• Numbness 
• Hardened or waxy appearance 
• Inflamed skin 
• Clumsiness due to joint stiffness 
• Blistering 

If frostbite is suspected: 

• Gently warm the affected area 
• Avoid direct heat 
• Do not rub or massage the skin 
• Protect the area from further exposure 

Improper treatment may lead to further tissue damage. 

Trench foot 

Another cold-related injury crews must recognize is trench foot, which is caused by extended exposure to cold and wet conditions. Wet feet lose heat much faster than dry feet, increasing the risk of injury. 

Symptoms may include: 

• Redness 
• Swelling 
• Numbness 
• Leg cramps 
• Tingling pain 
• Blisters or ulcers 
• Bleeding under the skin 

Prevention starts with keeping feet dry and changing wet socks or boots promptly. 

Prevention: The most effective safety strategy 

Cold-related illnesses can be prevented through proactive measures. 

Monitor the environment 

Leaders should evaluate temperature, wind chill, moisture, and exposure time before and during work shifts. Adjust workloads and staffing levels as needed. 

Dress appropriately 

• Wear layered cold-weather clothing. 
• Use insulated gloves, hats, and boots. 
• Avoid exposing skin whenever possible. 

Stay hydrated 

Staying hydrated is still important in cold weather. Dehydration can speed up fatigue and hamper the body’s ability to control temperature. 

Limit exposure 

• Rotate tasks when possible. 
• Reduce prolonged physical strain in extreme cold. 
• Provide access to warm shelters or vehicles. 
• Ensure employees can change out of wet clothing. 

Encourage warm-up breaks 

Regular warm-up intervals reduce risks and enhance alertness. Crew members should feel empowered to speak up if they start experiencing symptoms. 

Leadership responsibility in cold conditions 

Cold stress management is a shared responsibility. Supervisors must: 

• Identify hazards early. 
• Ensure access to proper PPE. 
• Provide warm areas and dry clothing options. 
• Respond immediately to signs of cold-related illness. 

Immediate medical attention must be provided to any worker showing symptoms. 

Surrounded by safety 

Winter utility work requires resilience supported through preparation and prevention. By recognizing any symptoms early, minimizing exposure time, staying hydrated, and providing crews with proper gear and warm-up access, cold-related illnesses and injuries can be reduced. 

At Xylem, prevention is our best defense. When we plan ahead, watch out for each other, and follow established safety practices, we protect not only our crews but also the communities and infrastructure that depend on us. 

Remember: you are surrounded by safety.